ʻO ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka mea hoʻopau UV

Loaʻa i ka lā ka nui o nā kukui ultraviolet e pōʻino i nā mea kala. ʻO kona lōʻihi nalu ma kahi o 290 ~ 460nm. ʻO kēia mau kukuna ultraviolet pōʻino e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā molekala kala a mae ma o nā hopena hoʻemi hoʻemi kemika. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopau ultraviolet ke pale a hoʻonāwaliwali paha i ka pōʻino o nā kukuna ultraviolet i nā mea i pale ʻia.

ʻO ka UV absorber he mea hoʻokūpaʻa māmā e hiki ke komo i ka ʻāpana ultraviolet o ka lā a me nā kumu kukui fluorescent me ka ʻole e hoʻololi iā ia iho. ʻO nā plastik a me nā mea polymer ʻē aʻe e hana i nā hopena auto-oxidation ma lalo o ka lā a me ka fluorescence ma muli o ka hana o nā kukuna ultraviolet, e alakaʻi ana i ka degradation a me ka deterioration o polymers, a me ka deterioration o ka helehelena a me nā waiwai mechanical. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe UV, hiki ke koho ʻia kēia kukui ultraviolet kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻohuli iā ia i ikehu ʻino ʻole a hoʻokuʻu ʻia a ʻai ʻia paha. Ma muli o nā ʻano polymers like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nā nalu o nā kukuna ultraviolet e hōʻino ai. Hiki i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe UV ʻokoʻa ke komo i nā kukuna ultraviolet o nā lōʻihi hawewe like ʻole. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai, pono e koho ʻia nā mea hoʻopau UV e like me ke ʻano o ka polymer.

ʻO nā ʻano o ka UV absorber

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o nā mea hoʻopaʻa UV: benzotriazole (e like meʻO ka mea hoʻopau UV 327), benzophenone(e like meʻO ka mea hoʻopau UV 531), triazine(e like meʻO ka mea hoʻopau UV 1164), a me nā amine i kāʻili ʻia (e like meMea hoʻopaʻa māmā 622).

ʻO ka Benzotriazole UV absorbers ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Kina, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka triazine UV absorbers ma mua o ka benzotriazole. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe Triazine maikaʻi loa nā waiwai absorption UV a me nā pono ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā polymers, loaʻa ka paʻa wela maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa kaʻina hana maikaʻi, a me ka pale ʻana i ka waikawa. Ma nā hoʻohana pono, he hopena synergistic maikaʻi nā triazine UV absorbers me nā stabilizers māmā amine. Ke hoʻohana pū ʻia nā mea ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻopau UV

(1)UV-531
Melemele māmā a i ʻole ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo. Māmā 1.160g/cm³ (25 ℃). Ka helu hehee 48~49 ℃. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka acetone, benzene, ethanol, isopropanol, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe iki ʻia i ka dichloroethane, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i kekahi mau solvents (g/100g, 25 ℃) he acetone 74, benzene 72, methanol 2, ethanol (95%) 2.6, n-heptane 40, n-hexane 40.1, wai 0.5. Ma ke ʻano he UV absorber, hiki iā ia ke komo ikaika i ke kukui ultraviolet me ka nalu o 270 ~ 330nm. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā plastics like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS resin, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride. He kūpono maikaʻi me nā resins a me ka volatility haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka dosage maʻamau he 0.1% ~ 1%. He hopena synergistic maikaʻi ke hoʻohana ʻia me kahi liʻiliʻi o 4,4-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-p-cresol). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana ma ke ʻano he stabilizer māmā no nā uhi like ʻole.

(2)UV-327
Ma keʻano he UV absorber, ua like kona mau hiʻohiʻona a me nā mea hoʻohana me nā benzotriazole UV-326. Hiki iā ia ke komo ikaika i nā kukuna ultraviolet me ka nalu o 270 ~ 380nm, he paʻa kemika maikaʻi a haʻahaʻa loa. He kūpono maikaʻi me nā polyolefins. He kūpono ia no ka polyethylene a me ka polypropylene. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester, ABS resin, epoxy resin, cellulose resin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. He hopena synergistic koʻikoʻi ke hoʻohana pū ʻia me nā antioxidants. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa o ka thermal oxidation o ka huahana.

(3)UV-9
Melemele māmā a i ʻole ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo. Māmā 1.324g/cm³. Ka helu hehee 62~66 ℃. Ka helu hoʻolapalapa 150~160 ℃ (0.67kPa), 220 ℃ (2.4kPa). Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe e like me ka acetone, ketone, benzene, methanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. ʻO ka solubility i loko o kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe (g/100g, 25 ℃) he benzene solvent 56.2, n-hexane 4.3, ethanol (95%) 5.8, carbon tetrachloride 34.5, styrene 51.2, DOP 18.7. Ma keʻano he UV absorber, he kūpono ia no nāʻano plastics e like me polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyester unsaturated, ABS resin, cellulose resin, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia ka paʻa wela maikaʻi a ʻaʻole decompose ma 200 ℃. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia huahana ke komo i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, no laila ua kūpono ia no nā huahana māmā ʻulaʻula. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana i nā pena a me ka lāʻau synthetic.