ʻO ka ammonium polyphosphate, i oleloiaAPP, he phosphate i loko o ka nitrogen me ka pauda keʻokeʻo. Wahi a kona degere o ka polymerization, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano: polymerization haʻahaʻa, polymerization medium a me polymerization kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka polymerization, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka solubility wai. ʻO Crystalline ammonium polyphosphate he polyphosphate hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a lōʻihi. ʻElima mau ʻano like ʻole mai I a i V.

ʻO ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate he mau pōmaikaʻi koʻikoʻi i ke kahua o nā mea polymer ma muli o kona maikaʻi ʻole o ka wai, ka wela decomposition kiʻekiʻe, a me ka launa maikaʻi me nā mea polymer. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi i loko o ka halogen, ʻo ka crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻona haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa ka uahi, a me ka inorganic. He ʻano hou ia o ka hoʻopaʻa ahi inorganic kiʻekiʻe.

Moʻolelo hoʻomohala noi
I ka makahiki 1857, ua aʻo mua ʻia ka ammonium polyphosphate.
I ka makahiki 1961, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea momona kiʻekiʻe.
I ka makahiki 1969, ua hoʻonui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou i kāna noi i nā mea pale ahi.
I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ʻAmelika i ka hana ʻana i ka polyphosphate ammonium retardant ahi.
I ka makahiki 1972, hoʻomaka ʻo Iapana e hana i ka ammonium polyphosphate pale ahi.
I nā makahiki 1980, ua aʻo ʻo Kina i ka polyphosphate ammonium pale ahi.

Nā palapala noi
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ammonium polyphosphate ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau pale ahi no nā plastics, rubber, a me nā fiber;
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā uhi pale ahi intumescent no ka mālama ʻana i ke ahi o nā moku, nā kaʻaahi, nā kaula a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe, a me ka lāʻau a me ka pepa.
Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā mea hoʻopau ahi pauda maloʻo no ka hoʻopau ahi nui ma nā māla lanahu, nā luawai aila a me nā ululāʻau;
Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka fertilizer.

Makeke honua
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lapalapa ahi honua i ke ʻano o ka halogen-free, intumescent flame retardants me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ammonium polyphosphate e like me ka mea kumu nui i lilo i wahi wela i ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka noi no ke ʻano II-ammonium polyphosphate me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization.

I ka ʻōlelo o ka māhele ʻāina, ʻo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa Komohana, Iapana a me ka ʻāina ʻo Asia-Pacific (koe ʻole ʻo Iapana) ʻehā mau mākeke nui no ka ammonium polyphosphate. Ua ulu nui ka noi no ka ammonium polyphosphate ma ka mākeke ʻAsia-Pākīpika a ua lilo ia i mākeke kūʻai nui loa o ka honua no ka ammonium polyphosphate, helu no 55.0% i 2018.

I ka ʻōlelo o ka hana ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana APP honua i ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻEulopa a me Kina. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ʻo Clariant, ICL, Monsanto mai USA (PhoschekP/30), Hoechst mai Kelemānia (Exolit263), Montedison mai Italia (SpinflamMF8), Sumitomo a me Nissan mai Iapana, etc.
Ma ka ʻāpana ammonium polyphosphate a me nā mea hoʻomomona wai, ʻo ICL, Simplot, a me PCS nā ʻoihana nui, a ʻo ke koena he mau ʻoihana liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi.