Dispersants ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhazikitse tinthu tating'ono tambiri monga zomatira, utoto, mapulasitiki ndi kuphatikiza pulasitiki.

M'mbuyomu, zokutira kwenikweni sankafuna dispersants. Machitidwe monga alkyd ndi utoto wa nitro sankafuna dispersants. Dispersants sanawonekere mpaka utoto wa acrylic resin ndi utoto wa polyester resin. Izi zimagwirizananso kwambiri ndi kukula kwa ma pigment, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wapamwamba sikungathe kupatukana ndi chithandizo cha dispersants.
Dispersants ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhazikitse tinthu tating'ono tambiri monga zomatira, utoto, mapulasitiki ndi kuphatikiza pulasitiki. Mapeto ake ndi unyolo wosungunula womwe ungathe kusungunuka muzofalitsa zosiyanasiyana zobalalika, ndipo mapeto enawo ndi gulu la pigment lokhazikika lomwe lingathe kusindikizidwa pamwamba pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inki ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti likhale lolimba / lamadzimadzi (pigment / resin solution).

Njira yothetsera utomoni iyenera kudutsa mipata pakati pa ma pigment agglomerates. Onse inki kukhalapo monga pigment agglomerates, amene ndi "zosonkhanitsa" pigment particles, ndi mpweya ndi chinyezi zili mkati mipata pakati pa munthu pigment particles. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timalumikizana m'mphepete ndi m'makona, ndipo kuyanjana pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, kotero mphamvuzi zimatha kugonjetsedwa ndi zida wamba zobalalika. Komano, zophatikizikazo ndizophatikizana, ndipo pali kukhudzana pamasom'pamaso pakati pa tinthu tating'ono ta pigment, motero zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzimwaza kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Pa pigment kubalalitsidwa akupera ndondomeko pigment agglomerates pang'onopang'ono kukhala ang'onoang'ono; mkhalidwe wabwino ndi kupeza particles oyambirira.

Njira yopangira pigment ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo atatu awa: sitepe yoyamba ndikunyowetsa. Pogwedezeka, mpweya wonse ndi chinyezi pamwamba pa pigment zimachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi yankho la utomoni. Dispersant imapangitsa kunyowa kwa pigment, kutembenuza mawonekedwe olimba / gasi kukhala olimba / mawonekedwe amadzimadzi ndikuwongolera bwino pakugaya; sitepe yachiwiri ndi yeniyeni pigment kubalalitsidwa akupera ndondomeko. Kudzera mawotchi mphamvu zimakhudza ndi kukameta ubweya mphamvu, ndi agglomerates pigment ndi wosweka ndi tinthu kukula yafupika chachikulu particles. Pamene pigment anatsegula ndi mawotchi mphamvu, dispersant adzakhala mwamsanga adsorb ndi kukulunga yaing'ono tinthu kukula particles; mu gawo lomaliza lachitatu, kubalalitsidwa pigment kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika kuti tipewe kupanga flocculation yosalamulirika.

Kugwiritsa ntchito dispersant abwino akhoza kusunga pigment particles pa mtunda woyenera wina ndi mzake popanda kubwezeretsa kukhudzana. M'magwiritsidwe ambiri, malo okhazikika a deflocculated amafunidwa. Muzinthu zina, kubalalitsidwa kwa pigment kumatha kukhala kokhazikika pansi pamikhalidwe yoyendetsedwa ndi coflocculation. Zothandizira zonyowetsa zimatha kuchepetsa kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa pigment ndi utomoni, kufulumizitsa kunyowetsa kwa pigment agglomerates ndi utomoni; zothandizira zobalalitsa zimathandizira kukhazikika kwa kubalalitsidwa kwa pigment. Choncho, mankhwala omwewo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ntchito zonyowetsa komanso zobalalitsira.

Kubalalika kwa pigment ndi njira yochokera pagulu kupita ku dziko lobalalika. Pamene tinthu kukula amachepetsa ndi pamwamba m'dera ukuwonjezeka, pamwamba mphamvu ya dongosolo kumawonjezera.
Popeza mphamvu ya pamwamba pa dongosololi ndi njira yochepetsera modzidzimutsa, kuwonjezereka kowonekera kwapamwamba pamtunda, mphamvu zambiri zimafunika kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kuchokera kunja panthawi yopera, ndipo mphamvu yokhazikika ya dispersant imafunika kuti ikhalebe yokhazikika ya dongosolo. Nthawi zambiri, inorganic inki ndi zazikulu tinthu kukula kwake, m'munsi enieni pamwamba madera, ndi apamwamba pamwamba polarity, kotero n'zosavuta kumwazikana ndi bata; pamene zosiyanasiyana inki organic ndi mpweya wakuda ndi ang'onoang'ono tinthu kukula kwake, ikuluikulu enieni pamwamba madera, ndi m'munsi pamwamba polarity, choncho n'kovuta kwambiri kumwazikana ndi bata.

Choncho, dispersants makamaka amapereka mbali zitatu za ntchito: (1) kuwongolera pigment wetting ndi kuwongolera akupera bwino; (2) kuchepetsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndikuwongolera kugwirizana ndi zinthu zoyambira, kukonza gloss, kudzaza ndi kusiyanitsa kwa chithunzi, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kosungirako; (3) kuonjezera mphamvu ya utoto wa pigment ndi ndende ya pigment ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwa utoto.

Nanjing Reborn New Materials amaperekachonyowetsa dispersant wothandizila utoto ndi zokutira, kuphatikiza zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi Disperbyk.

In nkhani yotsatira, tidzafufuza mitundu ya dispersants mu nthawi zosiyana ndi mbiri ya chitukuko cha dispersants.