Ammonium polyphosphate, otchedwaAPP, ndi phosphate yokhala ndi nayitrogeni yokhala ndi maonekedwe oyera a ufa. Malinga ndi digiri yake ya polymerization, imatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: polymerization yochepa, polymerization yapakatikati ndi polymerization yayikulu. Kuchuluka kwa ma polymerization, kumachepetsa kusungunuka kwamadzi. Crystalline ammonium polyphosphate ndi polyphosphate yosasungunuka m'madzi komanso yayitali. Pali mitundu isanu kuyambira I mpaka V.
Mkulu digiri ya polymerization crystalline mtundu II ammonium polyphosphate ali ndi ubwino waukulu m'munda wa polima zipangizo chifukwa cha madzi insolubility wabwino, kutentha mkulu kuwola, komanso ngakhale bwino ndi zipangizo polima. Poyerekeza ndi ma halogen okhala ndi flame retardants, crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate imakhala ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono, utsi wochepa, ndi inorganic. Ndi mtundu watsopano waukadaulo wapamwamba wa inorganic flame retardant.
Mbiri yachitukuko cha ntchito
Mu 1857, ammonium polyphosphate idaphunziridwa koyamba.
Mu 1961, idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wowonjezera kwambiri.
Mu 1969, kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano kunakulitsa ntchito yake kwa oletsa moto.
Mu 1970, United States inayamba kupanga flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate.
Mu 1972, Japan inayamba kupanga flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate.
M'zaka za m'ma 1980, China idaphunzira za flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate.
Mafayilo ofunsira
Ammonium polyphosphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala oletsa malawi apulasitiki, mphira, ndi ulusi;
Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera zokutira zoziziritsa moto zopangira moto pochiza zombo, masitima apamtunda, zingwe ndi nyumba zazitali, komanso nkhuni ndi mapepala osawotcha moto.
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zida zozimitsa moto za ufa wowuma pozimitsa moto waukulu m'minda ya malasha, zitsime zamafuta ndi nkhalango;
Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati feteleza.
Msika wapadziko lonse lapansi
Ndi chitukuko cha padziko lonse lawi retardants motsogoleredwa ndi halogen-free, intumescent flame retardants ntchito ammonium polyphosphate monga zopangira zazikulu zakhala malo otentha mu makampani, makamaka kufunika kwa mtundu II-ammonium polyphosphate ndi mkulu digiri polymerization.
Pankhani yogawa zigawo, North America, Western Europe, Japan ndi Asia-Pacific dera (kupatula Japan) ndi misika inayi yayikulu ya ammonium polyphosphate. Kufunika kwa ammonium polyphosphate pamsika waku Asia-Pacific kwakula kwambiri ndipo tsopano kwakhala msika wogula kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wa ammonium polyphosphate, wowerengera 55.0% mu 2018.
Pankhani ya kupanga, opanga ma APP apadziko lonse lapansi amakhala makamaka ku North America, Europe ndi China. Mitundu yayikulu ndi Clariant, ICL, Monsanto yaku USA (PhoschekP/30), Hoechst waku Germany (Exolit263), Montedison waku Italy (SpinflamMF8), Sumitomo ndi Nissan waku Japan, ndi zina zambiri.
Mu gawo la ammonium polyphosphate ndi feteleza wamadzimadzi, ICL, Simplot, ndi PCS ndi makampani akuluakulu, ndipo ena onse ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-25-2024