Ibifatika ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'ingirakamaro mu nganda zigezweho. Mubisanzwe bafite uburyo bwibikorwa nka adsorption, gushiraho imiti ihuza imiti, imipaka idakomeye, gukwirakwizwa, electrostatike, ningaruka za mashini. Zifite akamaro kanini mu nganda nubuzima. Bitewe n'ikoranabuhanga no kuzamuka kw'ibikenewe ku isoko, inganda rusange zifatika ziri mu cyiciro cy'iterambere ryihuse mu myaka yashize.

Imiterere y'ubu

Hamwe n’iterambere ry’imyubakire y’inganda zigezweho n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ndetse no kuzamura ubukungu bw’imibereho n’imibereho, uruhare rw’ibiti mu mibereho ya buri munsi n’umusaruro rwarushijeho gusimburwa. Ubushobozi bw’isoko rifatika ku isi buzagera kuri miliyari 24.384 mu mwaka wa 2023. Isesengura ry’ibihe byifashe mu nganda zifatika rivuga ko mu 2029, ingano y’isoko rifatika ku isi izagera kuri miliyari 29.46, iziyongera ku kigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka buri mwaka kingana na 3.13% mu gihe giteganijwe.

Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, 27.3% by’ibiti by’Ubushinwa bikoreshwa mu nganda zubaka, 20,6% bikoreshwa mu nganda zipakira, naho 14.1% bikoreshwa mu nganda z’ibiti. Izi eshatu zibarirwa hejuru ya 50%. Kubice bigezweho nkindege, icyogajuru, hamwe na semiconductor, haribintu bike cyane murugo. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibishishwa by’Ubushinwa mu mirima yo hagati kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru bizarushaho kwiyongera muri “Gahunda y’imyaka 14”. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, intego z’iterambere ry’Ubushinwa mu gihe cya “Gahunda y’imyaka 14 n’imyaka 5” ni impuzandengo y’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka wa 4.2% ku musaruro naho ikigereranyo cyo kwiyongera ku mwaka kingana na 4.3% ku bicuruzwa. Porogaramu hagati-kugeza-hejuru-imirima iteganijwe kugera kuri 40%.

Amasosiyete amwe n'amwe yo mu gihugu yagaragaye mu isoko hagati kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu ishoramari rihoraho muri R&D no guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, bituma habaho irushanwa rikomeye n’amasosiyete yatewe inkunga n’amahanga ndetse no kugera ku gusimbuza ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Kurugero, Ibikoresho bishya bya Huitiyani, Ikoranabuhanga rya Silicon, nibindi byarushijeho guhatanwa cyane mubice byisoko nkibikoresho bya microelectronics hamwe na ecran ya ecran. Ikinyuranyo cyigihe hagati yibicuruzwa bishya byatangijwe n’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu n’amahanga bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi inzira yo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa iragaragara. Mugihe kizaza, ibifunga-byohejuru bizakorerwa imbere mu gihugu. Igipimo cyo guhindura kizakomeza kwiyongera.

Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe n’iterambere rikomeje guteza imbere ubukungu bw’isi ndetse no gukenera gukenera ibifata mu bice bitandukanye bikoreshwa, isoko ifata izakomeza kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, inzira nko kurengera ibidukikije bibisi, kugena ibicuruzwa, ubwenge na biomedicine bizayobora icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda. Ibigo bigomba kwita cyane ku mikorere y’isoko n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, no gushimangira ishoramari R&D n’udushya mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo isoko ryiyongere kandi ryongere ubushobozi bwo guhangana.

Ibyiringiro

Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, impuzandengo y’ubwiyongere bw’umusaruro w’ibiti by’Ubushinwa uzarenga 4.2% naho ikigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’igurisha kizaba hejuru ya 4.3% kuva 2020 kugeza 2025. Mu 2025, umusaruro w’ibiti uziyongera ugera kuri toni miliyoni 13.5.

Mugihe cyimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu, amasoko akomeye yibikorwa byinganda zifata kandi zifata cyane cyane harimo imodoka, ingufu nshya, gari ya moshi yihuta, inzira ya gari ya moshi, gupakira icyatsi, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, siporo n imyidagaduro, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, kubaka 5G, kubaka, indege, ikirere, ubwato, nibindi.
Muri rusange, ibyifuzo byibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru biziyongera cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa bikora bizaba bidasubirwaho bikunzwe ku isoko.

Muri iki gihe, uko ibisabwa muri politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije bigenda birushaho gukomera, gukenera kugabanya ibikubiye muri VOC mu bifata bizaba byihutirwa, kandi iterambere ry’inganda no kurengera ibidukikije bigomba guhuzwa. Niyo mpamvu, bifite akamaro kanini gukora impinduka zitandukanye (nko guhindura graphene ikora, guhindura ibikoresho bya nano-minerval, no guhindura ibikoresho bya biomass) kugirango duteze imbere iterambere ryokuzigama ingufu n’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.