Inisinia palasitika e masani lava ona faasino i thermoplastics e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea faʻavae. Inisinia palasitika o loʻo i ai mea sili ona lelei atoatoa, maualuga maualuga, fetolofi maualalo, malosi faʻainisinia maualuga, faʻafefe lelei le vevela, ma faʻamalo eletise lelei. E mafai ona fa'aogaina mo se taimi umi i vaila'au ma'ale'ale ma si'osi'omaga fa'aletino ma e mafai ona suitulaga metala e avea ma mea fa'ainisinia. E mafai ona vaevaeina palasitika inisinia i palasitika faʻainisinia lautele ma faʻainisinia faʻapitoa. O ituaiga autu o muamua o le polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyphenylene ether (PPO) ma le polyester (PBT). Ma PET) lima palasitika inisinia lautele; o le mea mulimuli e masani lava ona faasino i palasitika inisinia ma vevela tetee i luga 150Co, o ituaiga autu o le polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), tioata vai tioata High molecular polymer (LCP), polysulfone (PSF), polyimide (PI), polyaryletherketone (PEEK), polyarylate (PAR). ), ma isi.
E leai se laina vaeluaga manino i le va o palasitika inisinia ma palasitika faʻamoemoe lautele. Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) o loʻo taoto i le va o le lua. O ona togi maualuluga e mafai ona fa'aaogaina e fai ma mea fa'ainisinia fa'avae. O le vasega o palasitika masani masani (i fafo e masani ona tautalagia, ABS o loʻo faʻavasegaina o palasitika lautele). Mo se isi faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le polypropylene (PP) o se palasitika masani masani, ae a maeʻa le faʻamalosia o fiber tioata ma isi faʻafefiloi, o lona malosi faʻainisinia ma le vevela vevela ua faʻaleleia atili, ma e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea faʻavae i le tele o fanua inisinia. . Mo se isi faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le polyethylene o se palasitika masani masani, ae o le polyethylene mole mole maualuga maualuga ma le mamafa mole mole e sili atu i le 1 miliona, ona o lona tulaga lelei faʻainisinia ma le vevela vevela maualuga, e mafai ona faʻaaogaina lautele e pei o palasitika inisinia. i masini, felauaiga, mea tau vailaʻau ma isi.
Ina ia faʻaleleia atili le malosi, malosi, faʻalavelave afi ma isi mea totino o palasitika, e masani lava ona manaʻomia le faʻaleleia atili o nisi vaega o le faʻatinoga o le resini synthetic substrate e ala i le faʻafefiloi o auala e pei o le faʻamalosia, faʻatumu, ma le faʻaopoopoga o isi resins i luga o le faavae. o resini gaosia. Eletise, magnetism, malamalama, vevela, matua tetee, mumu mumu, mea faʻainisinia ma isi vaega e fetaui ma manaʻoga mo le faʻaaogaina i lalo o tulaga faʻapitoa. O mea fa'aopoopo mo le fa'afefiloi e mafai ona avea ma fa'ama'i mumu, fa'amalosi, fa'amautu, ma isi, po'o se isi palasitika po'o alava fa'amalosia, ma isi; o le substrate e mafai ona lima palasitika lautele, lima palasitika inisinia lautele, po o palasitika inisinia faapitoa.
E tele ituaiga palasitika ma e masani ona faʻaaogaina. E tusa ma le 90% o mea masani faʻaaogaina resin mata o polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polystyrene PS ma ABS resin. Ae ui i lea, o palasitika taʻitasi e iai ona tapulaʻa.
I nai tausaga ua tuanaʻi, ua tuuto tagata i le atinaʻeina o mea fou polymer. Faatasi ai ma le faitau afe o mea fou faʻapipiʻi polymer, e toʻaitiiti e tele faʻaoga. O le mea lea, e le mafai ona tatou faʻamoemoe e atiaʻe ni mea fou. Polymer mea e faʻaleleia ai le faʻatinoga. Ae ui i lea, ua avea ma filifiliga masani le faʻaogaina o palasitisi e ala i le faʻatumu, faʻafefiloi, ma faʻamalosia auala e faʻaleleia ai le mumu o le afi, malosi, ma le aʻafiaga.
O palasitika masani e iai faʻaletonu e pei o le mu, matua, maualalo mea faʻainisinia, ma le maualalo o le faʻaogaina o le vevela ile faʻaogaina o fale gaosimea ma le faʻaaogaina i aso uma. E ala i suiga, e mafai e palasitika masani ona ausia le faʻaleleia o le faʻatinoga, faʻateleina galuega, ma le faʻaitiitia o tau. O le pito i luga o le palasitika ua suia o le resini foliga muamua, lea e faʻaogaina ai mea faʻapipiʻi poʻo isi resini e faʻaleleia ai le faʻatinoga o le resini i se tasi poʻo le tele o itu e pei o le masini, rheology, combustibility, eletise, vevela, malamalama, ma le magnetism e avea ma mea fesoasoani. , Faʻamalosi, faʻamalosi, faʻafefiloi, faʻafefiloi ma isi auala faʻapitoa e maua ai mea faʻapitoa ma foliga tutusa.
E lima palasitika fa'amoemoe lautele e fai ma mea fa'avae: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ma le polyvinyl chloride
Lima fa'ainisinia palasitika lautele: polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA, e ta'ua foi o le nylon), polyester (PET/PBT), polyphenylene ether (PPO), Polyoxymethylene (POM)
Palasitika faʻainisinia faʻapitoa: polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polymer tioata vai (LCP), polysulfone (PSF), polyimide (PI), polyaryletherketone (PEEK), polyarylate (PAR), ma isi.
E tusa ai ma faʻaoga i lalo, o palasitika faʻaleleia e masani ona faʻaaogaina i alamanuia e pei o meafale, taavale, ma mea faʻaeletoroni.
Talu mai le amataga o le 21st seneturi, faatasi ai ma le atinaʻeina o le tamaoaiga o loʻu atunuu, ua faʻalauteleina le gafatia o maketi o palasitika faʻaleleia. O le faʻaaogaina manino o palasitika faʻaleleia i loʻu atunuu ua faʻaauau pea ona faʻateleina mai le 720,000 tone i le amataga o le 2000 i le 7.89 miliona tone i le 2013. O le faʻatupulaia o le faʻatupulaia o le maualuga e pei o le 18.6%, ma o mea tau fale ma fale taʻavale e faʻatatau i se vaega maualuga. o talosaga i lalo.
Ia Aukuso 2009, na faʻalauiloa ai e le atunuʻu faiga faʻavae o "meafale i tua i tua" i nuʻu i tua ma "suia mea tuai mo le fou" i totonu o taulaga. O le maketi mo masini fale e pei o ea malulu ma pusaaisa na vave ona toe faʻaleleia, faʻateleina le faʻateleina o le manaʻoga mo palasitika suiga mo meafale. Ina ua uma ona iloa le televave o le tuputupu aʻe o meafale e alu i tua, ua faʻagesegese le faʻatupulaia o le fale gaosi oloa a loʻu atunuʻu, ma ua faʻagesegese foi le manaʻoga mo palasitika suiga. O le tuputupu aʻe o le vaega o taʻavale ua avea ma mafuaʻaga autu mo le faʻateleina o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika ua suia.
I le taimi nei, ua avea Saina ma atunuʻu tele i le gaosiga ma le faʻaaogaina o mea faigaluega a le fale, ma o le nofoaga autu o fale gaosi oloa i le lalolagi atoa. O le tele o palasitika o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o mea faigaluega a le fale o thermoplastics, e tusa ma le 90%. Toeitiiti lava o palasitika uma o loʻo faʻaaogaina i meaafale e manaʻomia ona suia. I le taimi nei, o le vaega o palasitika i meaafale tetele i totonu o Saina e: 60% mo masini mama, 38% mo pusaaisa, 34% mo masini fufulu, 23% mo TV, ma le 10% mo ea malulu.
O mea tau fale i nuu i tua na amata ia Tesema 2007, ma o le vaega muamua o pailate itumalo ma aai na faaiuina i le faaiuga o Novema 2011, ma isi itumalo ma aai na faaiuina foi i le 1-2 tausaga na sosoo ai. I le va'aiga i le fa'atuputeleina o le fa'aputuga o mea faigaluega fa'afale e fa e pei o ea malulu, TV lanu, masini ta'ele ma pusaaisa, sa matua maualuga lava le fa'atupulaia o le gaosiga o mea faigaluega i totonu o le vaitau na alu atu ai meafale i nu'u i tua. O le fua faatatau o le tuputupu aʻe i le lumanaʻi o le alamanuia mea faigaluega fale e faʻamoemoe e tumau i le faʻatupulaia o le 4-8%. O le atina'e faifaipea o le vaega o mea faigaluega fale e maua ai le mana'oga mautu o maketi mo suiga palasitika.
O le alamanuia tau taavale ose vaega tele fa'aoga o palasitika toe fa'aopoopo e fa'aopoopo i le alamanuia meafale. O palasitika suiga ua faʻaaogaina i totonu o fale taʻavale mo le lata i le 60 tausaga. Faʻaaogaina i taavale, e mafai ona faʻaitiitia le mamafa, faʻafeiloaʻi le siosiomaga, saogalemu, matagofie, ma faʻalelei. Faʻasaoina o le malosi, tumau, ma isi, ma le 1kg o palasitika e mafai ona suitulaga i le 2-3kg o le sila ma isi mea, lea e mafai ona faʻaitiitia ai le mamafa o le tino o le taavale. O suʻesuʻega ua faʻaalia ai o le faʻaitiitia o le mamafa o le taavale e 10% e mafai ona faʻaitiitia ai le faʻaaogaina o le suauʻu e 6-8%, ma faʻaitiitia ai le faʻaaogaina o le malosi ma le faʻaaogaina o le taʻavale. Fa'ateleina le fa'aogaina o le malosi ma tulaga fa'a'ave'esea. Faatasi ai ma le alualu i luma o tekinolosi, i le tele o tausaga na sosoo ai, o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika faʻaleleia i totonu o taavale ua faasolosolo malie ona atinaʻe mai mea i totonu i fafo ma vaega o le afi, ae o le faʻaogaina o palasitika suiga i taavale i atunuʻu atinaʻe Mai le amataga o le le-- taliaina, ua faasolosolo malie ona atiina ae i le 105 kilokalama i le taavale i le 2000, ma ausia le sili atu i le 150 kilokalama i le 2010.
O le fa'aaogaina o palasitika fa'alelei mo ta'avale i lo'u atunu'u ua fa'atupulaia vave. I le taimi nei, o le averesi o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika faʻaleleia i taʻavale i loʻu atunuu e 110-120 kg, lea e mamao i tua atu o le 150-160 kg / taʻavale i atunuʻu atinaʻe. Faatasi ai ma le faʻaleleia atili o le faʻalauiloaina o le siosiomaga o le au faʻatau ma le faʻamalosia o tulaga faʻamalo, o le a sili atu ona manino le tulaga o taʻavale mama, ma o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika suiga mo taavale o le a faʻaauau pea ona faʻateleina. E le gata i lea, i le sefulu tausaga ua tuanaʻi, o le faʻatauga o taʻavale a loʻu atunuu na oʻo i se taamilosaga o le televave o le faʻatupulaia ma avea ma maketi sili ona tele i le lalolagi i le 2009. E ui lava o le faʻatupulaia o le faʻatauga o taavale ua faasolosolo malie lava ona faʻaitiitia i tausaga na sosoo ai, ae o loʻo faʻamoemoe e faatumauina. tuputupu ae tumau i le lumanai . Faatasi ai ma le faʻateleina o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika suiga mo taʻavale ma le faʻatupulaia o le faʻatauga o taavale, o le a faʻaauau pea ona faʻateleina le faʻaogaina o palasitika faʻaleleia mo taʻavale i loʻu atunuu. Fa'apea o ta'avale ta'itasi e fa'aaogaina le 150kg o palasitika, a manatu o le gaosiga fa'aletausaga a ta'avale Saina e sili atu i le 20 miliona, o le maketi e 3 miliona tone.
I le taimi lava e tasi, talu ai o taavale o ni oloa faʻatau oloa umi, o le ai ai se manaʻoga faʻapitoa mo taavale o loʻo iai i le taimi o le taamilosaga o le olaga. O loʻo faʻatatauina o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika i le maketi o le tausiga o le a faʻatatau mo le tusa ma le 10% o le faʻaaogaina o palasitika i taavale fou, ma o le maketi moni e tele atu.
O lo'o i ai le tele o tagata fa'atau maketi i totonu o pisinisi fa'apipi'i fa'alelei, lea e masani ona vaevaeina i ni tolauapiga se lua, fa'alapotopotoga fa'atekinisi ma kamupani fa'apitonu'u. O loʻo i ai i le aufaipisinisi faʻavaomalo le faʻaogaina o tekonolosi ma le faʻatinoina o oloa lelei. Ae ui i lea, o le ituaiga oloa e tasi ma le saoasaoa o le tali atu i maketi e telegese. O le mea lea, o le maketi o le maketi o taavale a loʻu atunuu e le maualuga. O loʻo faʻafefiloi kamupani palasitika faʻapitonuʻu, tele lava pisinisi laiti ma feololo ma se gaosiga gafatia e itiiti ifo i le 3,000 tone, ma o loʻo iai manaʻoga maualuga o le gaosiga o oloa. E faigata mo pisinisi laiti ma feololo ona faʻamautinoa le mautu o le lelei o oloa, o lea e faigata ai ona pasia le faʻamaonia o kamupani taʻavale . A maeʻa ona pasia e kamupani palasitika lapopoa le faʻamaonia o kamupani taʻavale ma ulufale atu i la latou sapalai sapalai, e masani lava ona avea i latou ma a latou paaga umi, ma o le a faasolosolo malie lava ona faʻateleina a latou fefaʻatauaʻiga.
Taimi meli: Nov-30-2020