In inqaku lokugqibela, sazisa ukuvela kwee-dispersants, ezinye iindlela kunye nemisebenzi yabasasaza. Kwesi sicatshulwa, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ze-dispersants kumaxesha ahlukeneyo ngembali yophuhliso lwabasasazi.

Traditional low molecular ubunzima ukumanzisa kunye agent achithayo
I-dipersant yokuqala yayiyi-triethanolamine ityuwa ye-fatty acid, eyasungulwa kwimarike malunga ne-100 kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Le dispersant isebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwaye inoqoqosho kwizicelo zepeyinti zemizi-mveliso ngokubanzi. Akunakwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokuqala kwinkqubo ye-alkyd yeoli ephakathi akubi.

Kwiminyaka yoo-1940 ukuya koo-1970, ii-pigments ezazisetyenziswa kwishishini lokugquma yayizii-pigments ezingaphiliyo kunye ne-organic pigments ekwakulula ukuyisasaza. Izisasazi ngeli xesha yayiziizinto ezifana ne-surfactants, kunye neqela le-pigment anchoring kwelinye icala kunye necandelo elihambelana neresin kwelinye icala. Iimolekyuli ezininzi zazinendawo enye kuphela yokubeka ibala.

Ngokwembono yesakhiwo, zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amathathu:

1 Ngokomzekelo, i-acids modified fatty acids kunye neebhloko eziphuhliswe yi-BYK kwi-1920-1930, ezifakwe ityuwa nge-long-chain amines ukufumana i-Anti-Terra U. Kukho ne-BYK ye-P104 / 104S kunye namaqela aphezulu asebenzayo asekelwe kwi-DA yokuphendula. I-BESM® 9116 esuka eShierli yi-dispersant deflocculating kunye ne-disperant standard kwishishini le-putty. Inomanzi kakuhle, iipropati ezichasayo kunye nokuzinza kokugcina. Iyakwazi nokuphucula iipropati ezichasene ne-corrosion kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-anti-corrosion primers. I-BESM® 9104/9104S ikwayinto eqhelekileyo elawulwa yi-flocculation dispersant enamaqela amaninzi okubambelela. Inokwenza ulwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi xa ihlakaziwe, eluncedo kakhulu ekulawuleni intlenge ye-pigment kunye nombala odadayo. Kuba okunamafutha acid derivative dispersant izinto ekrwada azisaxhomekekanga petrochemical imathiriyeli ekrwada, ziyahlaziywa.

(2) I-Organic phosphoric acid ester polymers. Olu hlobo lwe-dispersant lunamandla okubambelela kwindalo yonke kwii-pigments ze-inorganic. Ngokomzekelo, i-BYK 110/180/111 kunye ne-BESM® 9110/9108/9101 esuka e-Shierli zi-dispersants ezigqwesileyo zokusasaza i-titanium dioxide kunye nee-pigments ze-inorganic, kunye nokunciphisa i-viscosity ebalaseleyo, ukuphuhliswa kombala kunye nokusebenza kokugcina. Ukongeza, i-BYK 103 kunye ne-BESM® 9103 evela eShierli zombini zibonisa inzuzo egqwesileyo yokunciphisa i-viscosity kunye nokuzinza kokugcina xa usasaza i-matte slurries.

(3) Iipolyetha ze-aliphatic ezingekho-ionic kunye ne-alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers. Ubunzima be-molecular yolu hlobo lwe-dispersant ngokuqhelekileyo lungaphantsi kwe-2000 g / mol, kwaye lugxininise ngakumbi kwi-dispersion ye-pigments ye-inorganic and fillers. Banokunceda ukumanzisa ii-pigments ngexesha lokusila, babhengeze ngokufanelekileyo kumphezulu wee-pigments ze-inorganic kwaye bathintele i-stratification kunye nemvula ye-pigments, kwaye inokulawula ukujikeleza kunye nokuthintela imibala edadayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesisindo esincinci se-molecular, abanako ukubonelela ngokuthintelwa kwe-steric, kwaye abanako ukuphucula i-gloss kunye nokuhlukana kwefilimu yepeyinti. Amaqela e-anchoring e-Ionic ayinakubhengezwa kumphezulu we-organic pigments.

Ii-disperants eziphezulu ze-molecular weight
Ngowe-1970, ii-pigments eziphilayo zaqala ukusetyenziswa ngobuninzi. I-ICI's phthalocyanine pigments, DuPont's quinacridone pigments, azo condensation pigments zeCIBA, ii-pigments ze-benzimidazolone ze-Clariant, njl.njl. zonke zenziwe zaza zangena kwimarike ngeminyaka yee-1970s. Izixhobo zokuqala zokumanzisa ezinobunzima bemolekyuli kunye nezizisasazayo azizange zisakwazi ukuzinzisa ezi pigments, kwaye izixhobo ezintsha zokusasaza ubunzima bemolekyuli zaqala ukwenziwa.

Olu hlobo lwe-dispersant lunobunzima be-molecular of 5000-25000 g / mol, kunye nenani elikhulu lamaqela e-pigment anchoring kwi-molecule. Ikhonkco eliphambili le-polymer libonelela ngokuhambelana okubanzi, kwaye ikhonkco elisecaleni elisonjululwe libonelela ngesithintelo se-steric, ukwenzela ukuba amasuntswana e-pigment aphelele kwimeko ekhutshiweyo kwaye ezinzileyo. Izisabalali ezinobunzima bemolekyuli ephezulu zinokuzinzisa ii-pigments ezahlukeneyo kwaye zisombulule ngokupheleleyo iingxaki ezinjengombala odadayo kunye nokudadayo, ngakumbi kwi-organic pigments kunye nekhabhoni emnyama enobungakanani bamasuntswana amancinci kunye nokuhamba ngokulula. Izisabalali zobunzima bemolekyuli eziphakamileyo zizo zonke izisasazi ezidityanisiweyo ezinamaqela amaninzi e-pigment anchoring kwitsheyina lemolekyuli, enokunciphisa kakhulu i-viscosity yokuncamathisela kombala, iphucule amandla e-pigment tinting, isicwebezelisi sepeyinti kunye nokukhanya, kunye nokuphucula ukucaca kwee-pigments ezicacileyo. Kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe emanzini, ii-dispersants eziphezulu ze-molecular weight resistant zinamandla okumelana namanzi kunye nokumelana ne-saponification. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-disperants ephezulu ye-molecular weight dispersant ingaba nemiphumo ethile, ephuma kakhulu kwixabiso le-amine le-dispersant. Ixabiso eliphezulu le-amine liya kubangela ukwanda kwe-viscosity yeenkqubo ze-epoxy ngexesha lokugcinwa; ixesha elincitshisiweyo lokuvula i-polyurethanes yamacandelo amabini (usebenzisa i-isocyanates enuka kamnandi); ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwakhona kweenkqubo zokunyanga i-asidi; kunye nesiphumo esibuthathaka se-cobalt catalysts kwi-alkyds yokomisa umoya.

Ngokombono wesakhiwo sekhemikhali, olu hlobo lwe-dispersant lwahlulahlulwe lwaziindidi ezintathu:

(1) Ii-molecular weight polyurethane dispersants, eziyi-polyurethane dispersants eziqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-BYK 160/161/163/164, BESM® 9160/9161/9163/9164, EFKA 4060/4061/4063, kunye nesizukulwana samva nje se-polyurethane dispersants BYK 2155 kunye neBESM® 9248 yabaphulaphuli babonakala ngokubanzi. Inokunciphisa i-viscosity elungileyo kunye neempawu zokuphuhlisa umbala kwii-pigments eziphilayo kunye nekhabhoni emnyama, kwaye yakha yaba yi-dispersant esemgangathweni ye-organic pigments. Isizukulwana samva nje se-polyurethane dispersants siye saphucula kakhulu ukuncitshiswa kwe-viscosity kunye neempawu zokuphuhlisa umbala. I-BYK 170 kunye ne-BESM® 9107 zifanelekile ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ze-acid-catalyzed. I-dispersant ayinayo ixabiso le-amine, elinciphisa umngcipheko we-agglomeration ngexesha lokugcinwa kwepeyinti kwaye ayichaphazeli ukomisa kwepeyinti.

(2) I-Polyacrylate dispersants. Ezi dispersants, ezifana ne-BYK 190 kunye ne-BESM® 9003, ziye zaba zi-dispersants ezisemgangathweni jikelele kwiingubo ezisekelwe emanzini.

(3) I-Hyperbranched polymer dispersants. Eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-hyperbranched dispersants yi-Lubrizol 24000 kunye ne-BESM® 9240, eyi-amides + imides esekelwe kwi-polyesters emide. Ezi mveliso zimbini ziimveliso ezinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza ezixhomekeke ikakhulu kumqolo wepolyester ukuzinzisa i-pigments. Ukukwazi kwabo ukuphatha i-carbon black kusesemagqabini. Nangona kunjalo, i-polyester iya kukhanya kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kwaye iya kudlula kwipeyinti egqityiweyo. Le ngxaki ithetha ukuba i-24000 inokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiinki. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, inokubonisa uphuhliso lombala oluhle kakhulu kunye nokuzinza xa isetyenziselwa ukusasaza i-carbon emnyama kwishishini le-inki. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwecrystallization, iLubrizol 32500 kunye neBESM® 9245 zavela enye emva kwenye. Xa kuthelekiswa neendidi ezimbini zokuqala, i-hyperbranched polymer dispersants inesakhiwo semolekyuli engqukuva kunye namaqela adityanisiweyo we-pigment agxininiswe kakhulu, ahlala enophuhliso lombala olubalaseleyo kunye nokusebenza okunamandla kokunciphisa i-viscosity. Ukuhambelana kwe-polyurethane dispersants kunokulungelelaniswa kuluhlu olubanzi, ngokukodwa ukugubungela zonke i-alkyd resins ukusuka kwi-oyile ende ukuya kwi-oyile emfutshane, zonke i-polyester ezigcwele i-polyester resins, kunye ne-hydroxyl acrylic resins, kwaye inokuzinzisa uninzi lwekhabhoni emnyama kunye ne-organic pigments yezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Kuba kusekho inani elikhulu lamabakala ahlukeneyo phakathi kwe-6000-15000 yobunzima beemolekyuli, abathengi kufuneka bahlole ukuhambelana kunye nesixa esongezelelweyo.

Izisasazi ezilawulekayo zeradical polymerization
Emva ko-1990, imfuno yentengiso yokusasazwa kwe-pigment yaphuculwa ngakumbi kwaye kwabakho impumelelo kwitekhnoloji ye-polymer synthesis, kunye nesizukulwana samva nje se-free radical polymerization dispersants saphuhliswa.

I-Controllable free radical polymerization (CFRP) inesakhiwo esiyilwe ngokuchanekileyo, kunye neqela le-anchoring kwelinye icala lepolymer kunye necandelo elisonjululwe kwelinye icala. I-CFRP isebenzisa ii-monomers ezifanayo njenge-polymerization yesiqhelo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ii-monomers zicwangciswe rhoqo kumacandelo eemolekyuli kunye nokuhanjiswa kobunzima bemolekyuli kufana kakhulu, ukusebenza kwe-dispersant ye-polymer ehlanganisiweyo kunomgangatho wokutsiba. Eli qela le-anchoring elisebenzayo liphucula kakhulu amandla okulwa ne-flocculation ye-dispersant kunye nokuphuhliswa kombala we-pigment. Icandelo elichanekileyo elisonjululweyo linika i-dispersant umbala osezantsi wokucola wokugaya i-viscosity kunye nokongezwa kwe-pigment ephezulu, kwaye i-disperant inokuhambelana okubanzi kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zesiseko se-resin.

Ukuphuhliswa kwee-dispersants zokwambathisa zanamhlanje kunembali engaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-100. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-dispersants zemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo kwimarike. Owona mthombo uphambili wezinto ezisasazwayo ekrwada usezizixhobo zepetrochemical. Ukwandisa umyinge wezinto ezihlaziywayo ekrwada kwii-disperants lukhokelo lophuhliso oluthembisayo. Ukususela kwinkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwee-dispersants, i-disperants iya iphumelela ngakumbi. Ingaba ikhono lokunciphisa i-viscosity okanye ukuphuhliswa kombala kunye nezinye izakhono ziphucula ngaxeshanye, le nkqubo iya kuqhubeka kwixesha elizayo.

Nanjing Reborn New Materials inikezaukumanzisa dispersant agent yeepeyinti kunye nokwaleka, kuquka nezinye ezihambelana neDisperbyk.