Ama-disperants ayizithasiselo ezingaphezulu ezisetshenziselwa ukusimamisa izinhlayiya eziqinile emithonjeni yezindaba ezifana nokunamathiswa, upende, amapulasitiki nezingxube zepulasitiki.

Esikhathini esidlule, ukunamathela ngokuyisisekelo kwakungadingi ama-dispersants. Amasistimu afana ne-alkyd ne-nitro paint ayengadingi ama-dispersants. Izisabalalisi azizange zivele kuze kube yilapho upende we-acrylic resin nopende we-polyester resin. Lokhu futhi kuhlobene eduze nokuthuthukiswa kwezingulube, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwezingulube eziphezulu akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nosizo lwabahlakazayo.
Ama-disperants ayizithasiselo ezingaphezulu ezisetshenziselwa ukusimamisa izinhlayiya eziqinile emithonjeni yezindaba ezifana nokunamathiswa, upende, amapulasitiki nezingxube zepulasitiki. Esinye isiphetho saso iketango lokuxazululeka elingancibilika emithonjeni ehlukahlukene yokuhlakazwa, kanti enye iphetho iyiqembu le-pigment anchoring elingakhangiswa ebusweni bemibala ehlukahlukene futhi lisetshenziswe ukuguqula libe isixhumi esibonakalayo esiqinile/esiwuketshezi (isixazululo sombala/i-resin).

Isixazululo se-resin kufanele singene ezikhaleni phakathi kwama-pigment agglomerate. Zonke izinhlobo zombala zikhona njengama-pigment agglomerate, “okungamaqoqo” ezinhlayiya ze-pigment, ezinomoya nomswakama oqukethwe ezikhaleni zangaphakathi phakathi kwezinhlayiya zombala ngamunye. Izinhlayiya zithintana komunye nomunye emaphethelweni nasemakhoneni, futhi ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlayiya kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke la mandla anganqotshwa imishini evamile yokuhlakazeka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-aggregate ahlangene kakhulu, futhi kukhona ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-pigment ngayinye, ngakho kunzima kakhulu ukuzihlakaza zibe yizinhlayiya eziyinhloko. Phakathi nenqubo yokugaya i-pigment dispersion, i-pigment agglomerates kancane kancane iba mancane; isimo esihle ukuthola izinhlayiya eziyinhloko.

Inqubo yokugaya i-pigment ingahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezintathu ezilandelayo: isinyathelo sokuqala ukumanzisa. Ngaphansi kokunyakaziswa, wonke umoya kanye nomswakama ebusweni be-pigment kuyaxoshwa futhi kuthathelwe indawo isisombululo se-resin. I-dispersant ithuthukisa ukumanzisa kwe-pigment, iguqule isixhumi esibonakalayo esiqinile/igesi sibe isixhumi esibonakalayo esiqinile/esiwuketshezi futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokugaya; isinyathelo sesibili inqubo yokugaya i-pigment yangempela yokusabalalisa. Ngokusebenzisa amandla mechanical umthelela futhi phuca force, le agglomerate sombala ziphukile futhi usayizi kuyizinhlayiyana ziyancipha izinhlayiya eziyinhloko. Lapho i-pigment ivulwa ngamandla emishini, i-dipersant izokhangisa ngokushesha futhi igoqe izinhlayiya ezincane zosayizi wezinhlayiyana; esinyathelweni sesithathu sokugcina, ukuhlakazeka kwe-pigment kumele kuzinze ngokwanele ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-flocculation engalawuleki.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-dispersant efanelekile kungagcina izinhlayiya ze-pigment ziqhelelene nomunye nomunye ngaphandle kokubuyisela ukuxhumana. Ezinhlelweni eziningi, kudingeka isimo esizinzile se-deflocculated. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuhlakazwa kwe-pigment kungahlala kuzinzile ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ze-coflocculation. Izinsiza zokumanzisa zinganciphisa ukungezwani okungaphezulu phakathi kombala nesixazululo se-resin, kusheshise ukumanziswa kwe-agglomerates ye-pigment nge-resin; izinsiza ezihlakazayo zithuthukisa ukuzinza kokuhlakazeka kwe-pigment. Ngakho-ke, umkhiqizo ofanayo uvame ukuba nemisebenzi yakho kokubili izinsiza zokumanzisa nezihlakazayo.

Ukuhlakazwa kwe-pigment kuyinqubo esuka ekuhlanganisweni kuya esimweni esihlakazekile. Njengoba usayizi wezinhlayiyana uyancipha futhi indawo engaphezulu iyanda, amandla angaphezulu ohlelo nawo ayanda.
Njengoba amandla angaphezulu ohlelo kuyinqubo yokuncipha ngokuzenzekelayo, lapho kusobala kakhulu ukwanda kwendawo engaphezulu, amandla engeziwe adingekayo ukuze asetshenziswe kusukela ngaphandle ngesikhathi sokugaya, futhi kunamandla umphumela wokuzinzisa we-dispersant ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kokuhlakazeka kwesistimu. Ngokuvamile, i-pigments ye-inorganic inobukhulu bezinhlayiya ezinkulu, izindawo eziphansi eziqondile, kanye ne-polarity ephakeme, ngakho kulula ukuzihlakaza nokuzinza; kuyilapho izinhlobonhlobo ze-organic pigments kanye ne-carbon black inobukhulu bezinhlayiya ezincane, izindawo ezingaphezulu ezikhudlwana, kanye ne-polarity ephansi, ngakho-ke kuba nzima kakhulu ukuyihlakaza nokuzinzisa.

Ngakho-ke, ama-disperants ahlinzeka ngokuyinhloko izici ezintathu zokusebenza: (1) ukuthuthukisa ukumanzisa kwe-pigment nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya; (2) ukunciphisa i-viscosity kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuhambisana nezinto eziyisisekelo, ukuthuthukisa isicwebezelisi, ukugcwala nokuhluka kwesithombe, nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesitoreji; (3) ukwandisa amandla okufaka umbala we-pigment nokugxila kombala kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kombala.

I-Nanjing Reborn New Materials inikezaukumanzisa i-agent ye-disperant yamapende nama-coatings, kuhlanganise namanye afana ne-Disperbyk.

In isihloko esilandelayo, sizohlola izinhlobo zama-dispers ngezikhathi ezahlukene ngomlando wokuthuthukiswa wama-dispersants.